Queensland has recorded its highest-ever annual number of unintentional drug overdose deaths, with new figures prompting calls for stronger prevention and support measures.

According to the latest annual report from the Penington Institute, 417 people died from unintentional drug overdoses in Queensland in 2024, the most recent year for which complete data is available.

The figures form part of a broader national concern. Across Australia, unintentional drug-induced deaths exceeded 2,000 for the first time, surpassing the annual road toll.

The impact is particularly significant outside Brisbane. Regional Queensland recorded an overdose death rate of 7.9 deaths per 100,000 people, compared with 6.8 per 100,000 in greater Brisbane.

The report found that amphetamine-type stimulants were the leading cause of overdose deaths in Queensland, followed by heroin and benzodiazepines.

Queensland Injectors Voice for Advocacy and Action chief executive Emma Kill has called for the state government to introduce a dedicated overdose strategy, arguing that many of these deaths could be prevented.

The issue has also been highlighted by families who have experienced the loss of loved ones. Les and Pat Stelling lost their son Ian to an accidental overdose in 1998. The couple has since advocated for greater access to naloxone, a medication that can rapidly reverse an opioid overdose, as well as drug-checking services.

The Queensland Government has maintained that there is no safe way to take drugs. It also pointed to $394.4 million in additional funding for statewide mental health, alcohol and drug services through the Mental Health Levy.

However, advocates say the latest figures demonstrate the need for a more coordinated response focused on prevention, treatment and harm reduction.

The Penington Institute has described the figures as a wake-up call for governments, policymakers and communities, stressing that overdose deaths are preventable.